What are decibels and why do they come in so many variations?

The article 'The Science of Loudness' delves into the measurements of loudness and their significance across various fields from music to sound engineering. Loudness is a subjective experience that can vary depending on context. The author explores how loudness affects sound perception, highlighting aspects such as dynamics and decibel measurements. Various iconic scales used to capture changes in loudness and their effects on our understanding of music and everyday sounds are discussed as well. The article also addresses the concept of 'masking', where one sound obscures another, which is crucial for sound engineers when creating recordings that are pleasing to the ear. Understanding the science behind loudness not only aids in crafting better music but also enriches our everyday auditory experiences.